The Issue Of Gun Control Laws - 1407 Words

On Wednesday June 18, 2015 nine shot dead at a historical black church in Charleston, South Dakota and only a month later on July 16, 2015 in Chattanooga, Tennessee with five dead leaving citizens devastated. The past year contains more than 350 mass shootings, averaging 1.02 shootings per day and continuous growing number of deaths, multiple mass shootings around the world leaving dozens of victims in its path. There is no exact definition of mass shootings, but most sources believe it is when four or more people are shot in one location. Citizens in America are easily able to obtain a gun and the growing issue is whether this should change and stronger laws in place. Although citizens believe gun control laws take away second amendment and right to protect themselves, mass shootings are increasing yearly and action needs to happen to prevent the next attack. America’s at a high with the country being the most dangerous with firearms, causing mass murder and homicide compared among other countries around the world. A Professor at University of Alabama states â€Å"The U.S. represents less than 5% of the 7.3 billion global population but accounted for 31% of global mass shooters during the period from 1966 to 2012, more than any other country†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Palazzolo and Flynn â€Å"U.S. Leads World in Mass Shootings†) In comparison to UK and Australia taking on stronger gun laws and willing to ban certain weapons and placing stricter background checks to make mass shootings lessShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws861 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment has the responsibility to protect people. Currently, the gun violence has threatened the American public safety, people used gun to kill many people for their own interests. The United States constitution believes Americans have their own gun to protect themselves. Some people said guns will protect their life easily. Whether, America should have strict gun control laws or not bring abou t the debate in society. Gun issue is not only a big problem from United States, it’s also a big problemRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1701 Words   |  7 PagesA gun has the capacity to convert a conflict into a serious crime. The power of a gun is vast. But it the power of the gun is appreciated in right hands. The effects of a gun can be cherished when it is used by right hands and with the right intention. The effects of the gun are condemned when it reaches in wrong hands. A gun can protect as well as end someone’s life. When it ends the life of a criminal, it is a sign of bravery but when it takes the lives of innocent people it is condemned. ThereforeRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1410 Words   |  6 Pagesto have and remain fight prepared. Regardless, this has remained a basic issue since decades. There have been a lot of senseless murders and killings around the United States. With better gun control laws in effect these killings and murders would not have been possibl e. The government, the states, and the people all need to work together to come to a solution to prevent things like this in the future. Better gun control laws would mean less killings and murders happening around the world. Think ofRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1536 Words   |  7 Pagesright to bear arms. This Amendment, when written had no limitations or constraints, however there seems to be more laws than ever trying to govern or ban the carrying and even ownership of firearms as a whole. Many say that the reasons for the attempt of gun control laws are due to the safety of the public nevertheless if you look at the statistics themselves it shows that armed law bidding citizens stop more violent crime involving and not involving firearms if armed than the police department,Read MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws852 Words   |  4 PagesIn about every nation, gun control has always been an issue of controversy. Gun control laws are quite different from country to count ry, each possessing different requirements, specifications, and ordinances, so on and so on. What will be examined are the specified gun control laws in three international countries, ranging from Canada, Australia, and Japan, as well as a comparison and contrast of the the similarities and unique differences toward American gun control laws and those in other countriesRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pages GUN CONTROL LAWS There is a need in this country for gun control laws as well as benefits for the citizenry who own them. With the current state of our society these days, owning a gun has become a necessity for some, if not all, household. I, myself, conform for every household having a gun. Although we have our police force always ready to rescue anyone in distress, every second matters when we are facing face to face with danger. Granted that the authorities are already underway, having somethingRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws2761 Words   |  12 PagesOne of the most debated topics in the U.S. is about gun control laws. Constant dispute between citizens and the government shows that there are two sides; for or against control. Arguments, whether oral or written, point out various ways how it can either help or hurt our society here in the United States of America. Most people however agree by reinforcing these laws violates the citizen’s 2nd Amendment rights which states, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free StateRead MoreEssay about The Issue of Stricter Gun Control Laws1861 Words   |  8 PagesThe issue of stricter gun control laws is an on-going battle that continues to be debated at both the local and federal levels. Regardless of one’s viewpoint on the matter, this subject makes for a very passionate debate on both sides. At question is whether or not stricter laws and regulations help reduce the number of gun-related crimes. Obviously, the answers vary greatly depending on the strongly held viewpoint of the responders. Often, horrible gun-related crimes are committed by peopleRead Moregun control research essay1222 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle that studied gun control. â€Å"Stricter state gun laws associated with fewer gun deaths, study finds.† The article discussed gun control laws in states with stricter laws tend to have lower rates of gun related homicides, and a suicide (ProCon para. 1) Gun control in the United States is becoming a wide spread issue and is becoming a problem everywhere. Although I am living in a city with uprising crime that has been skyrocketing over the years, I wasn’t aware of this being an issue all over the UnitedRead MoreGun Control1724 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 1302 5th march 2013 Sides of Crime Control Gun control laws have been surrounded by controversy since The Bill of Rights, including the Second amendment was passed in the congress. A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, the founders wrote. Until recently there was considerable argument over just what the founders intended by their words. Did they mean to provide only for armed

Diversity Training Plan - 704 Words

Diversity Training Plan Jennifer Perez HRM/326 May 23, 2016 Diversity Training Plan Many employers are unaware of the benefits of and ways to achieve workplace diversity. This Diversity and inclusion training plan provides this information. This plan is designed to be presented by an individual who is knowledgeable in diversity and business strategies and who is familiar with the company’s strategic business plan. By the end of this training the employee should be able to provide a clear understanding of what diversity is and what it is not, to raise a greater awareness and sensitivity to diversity issues that go well beyond†¦show more content†¦Initiatives are presented along with measures to monitor and track progress. Objectives for the plan The company must develop retention programs, recruitment and outreach strategies that support our goal of being an employer of choice and one of the â€Å"Best Places to Work.† Our goal is to increase workforce diversity for the company while retaining the talent the company needs today and in the future. We must increase our use of both hiring flexibilities and workplace flexibilities to address issues of diversity and inclusion by doing the following (Diversity and Inclusion Plan, June 28, 2012). †¢ Implementing outreach and recruitment efforts to minority-serving institutions, and institutions with diverse student populations to promote the company’s mission, vision and functions. †¢ Developing and implementing an outreach plan to support all community segments (e.g., veterans, persons with disabilities, minorities, youth, women, etc.) for recruitment, information sharing, networking (creating connections) and public relations. †¢ Personally mentorin g, coaching and/or providing a support network to individuals from diverse backgrounds to build rapport, increase diversity awareness and sensitivity, and to pass on critical institutional knowledge. †¢ Ensuring that employees participate in formal career development activities and have individual development plans when needed and/or requested. †¢Show MoreRelatedHow Diversity Is Addressed Within My Current Work Environment806 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will explore the how diversity is addressed within my current work environment. For the past 21 years, I have been a Behavioral Health Assistance Service Director of a private, non-profit organization that provides community support services to children and adults in Pennsylvania with mental illness, intellectual disabilities, and autism. Our agency’s mission statement expresses our commitment to â€Å"enhancing the quality of life and personal growth of those we serve through support forRead MoreWhy A Diverse Workplace Matters?1093 Words   |  5 Pagesfor the success of an organization. Diversity means differences due to race, gender, ethnic groups, age, personality, tenure, organizational function, educational background, etc. Diversity involves how people perceive themselves and how they perceive others. These perceptions affect their interactions. Why a diverse workplace matters? / Benefits of workplace diversity An organization’s success and competitiveness depends upon it’s ability to embrace diversity and realize it’s benefits. Due to diversRead MoreThe Organization s Success With Diversity1729 Words   |  7 PagesLove into a leading organization in diversity initiatives. As stipulated in her will in order to receive the full gift Love Enterprise needs to have a solid action plan in place as well as specific ways to measure the organization’s success with diversity. In the following paragraphs I will discuss what course of action I would take in developing an action plan, then I will discuss the various tools and modes I would use to measure the success of the action plan. Love Enterprises is an organizationRead MoreThe Five Person Group Into Sub Teams1465 Words   |  6 Pagesregular basis aided in my ability to view the situation from a 30,000 foot level. I helped to formulate the organizational analysis questions: How does the goal of diversity training align to organizational objectives and strategy? Why is diversity training important for ZF to conduct? How does ZF define diversity? Do you need to leverage diversity for performance improvement? I was sensitive to picking up clues on what was in it for the HR Director, her departmental goals, as well as personal motivationsRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Elr Media Group1655 Words   |  7 Pagessimilar job experience before. Employee training is the responsibility of the organization, and the responsibility of management is to provide the right resources and an environment that supports the growth and development needs of all employees. There is a growing competition among businesses in marketing indu stry, a lack of training in the employees can make the difference between maintaining success and ultimate failure. Moreover, without providing proper training among employees and interns, it isRead MoreImpact Of Technology On The Workplace921 Words   |  4 Pageshnology-diversity-social-science-research/24002013/ Technology companies are still having a hard time implementing diversity within the work environment. Although these types of companies historically have not created an environment in which diversity flourishes. Current lawsuits for discrimination and harassment are causing technology companies to relook at their policies. Will these new policies and procedures be enough to diversify the technology world? As the article, Diversity: Tech companiesRead MoreOrganizational Change - Kodak1770 Words   |  8 Pagespractices at Toyota to develop this demand-driven supply chain and with this they created a better approach where they linked customer service and customer segmentation with demand policies instead of sales or forecasting on the demand side. This new plan helped eliminate waste by making the goal to reduce inventory and costs (Hickey, 2007). Management enlisted the assistance of members from every key department: supply chain, manufacturing, purchasing, and logistics, and t hey were brought togetherRead MoreEssay on Walgreens Diversity Issues1644 Words   |  7 PagesWalgreens diversity issues: A weakness that was gained subsequent to the information gathered from research and surveys is that as a company it is true that diversity is practiced but may differ at stores; stores tend to lack a wide range of diversity. One may ask how that is possible. Let me explain stated Wasson, â€Å"We understand that we serve our customer and patient best when our workforce and suppliers reflect our communities† (Walgreens.com/diversity) which may be beneficial on a financial stanceRead MoreEmployee Training Plan For Employees1716 Words   |  7 Pages Employee Training Plan Executive Summary ï‚ § The Employee Training Plan creates a strategy to provide employee-training resources with its organizational priorities. ï‚ § This plan establishes a standardized plan to meeting the training needs for all employee in the organization. ï‚ § Training is linked to the mission, goals and outcomes of organization. It is developed in partnership with the stakeholders and CEO’s requesting the training. ï‚ § There is a shared delivery system consisting of facilitiesRead MoreManagement : Management Careers And Diversity Essay1744 Words   |  7 PagesManagement Careers and Diversity Introduction Ongori and Agolla (2007) state that managing workforce diversity in an organization is a complex phenomenon. They suggest that with the current organizational transformations being implemented across the globe, management of workforce diversity cannot be downplayed. Diversity in the workforce is based on the acknowledgement of the reality that people are different in more than one way, mainly in terms of culture and ethnicity, personality, religion

Resistance of bacterial to antimicrobial agents Free Essays

Introduction Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem in the treatment of bacterial infection. Bacterial resistance is a mechanism by which bacterial are able to overcome antibiotic meant to destroy or kill them, these bacterial multiply to cause disease in humans figure 1 (Patrick, 2003) Figure1 the non antimicrobial resistance and non antimicrobial resistance Although the most resistant bacterium can be inhibited or destroyed by using a high concentration of antibiotic, subjects on the other hand may not be able to bear the high concentration of antibacterial agents that may be required treat some bacterial infection or disease. Bacterial species differ in their susceptibility to an antibiotic or antibiotics. We will write a custom essay sample on Resistance of bacterial to antimicrobial agents or any similar topic only for you Order Now For instance some strains of Streptococcus pneumonia in Britain are inhibited by 0.01mg/l of benzyl penicillin thus the minimum inhibitory concentration, and that of Escherichia coli, a dose 32-64mg/l is needed to inhibit the growth or kill the bacterial but this becomes highly toxic to the human body cannot manage. This opens the view of clinical resistance, which is based on the on effect antibiotics on humans and misuse of antibiotics. Clinical resistance is therefore a process by which the type of infecting pathogenic bacterium, its point of attachment in the body, the distribution of antimicrobial in the body, its concentration at site of infection and the immune status of the subject interact(Gerard,2011). Bacterium uses enzymes, efflux pump, gene, helix ring as well as plasmid to defend itself or to develop resistant to antibiotics. (figure2) Figure 2 structure of a resistant bacterium Beta- lactamase Beta-lactams are of copies penicillin, a large group of antibiotics that are made up of all the antibiotic agents with a four ring in their molecular structure. The bacterial cell wall serves as a protective tool for the bacterial against any foreign substances such as antibacterial agents, from entering inside the bacterial to destroy its internal protective structures. The beta-lactam antibiotic works by blocking the cell wall synthesis of the bacterial. Douglas (2002), but bacterial develop resistance to beta lactam by attacking the four ring structure shown in blue in figure of the beta-lactam through an enzymatic reactions (figure1). Bacterial produce beta lactamase enzyme to breaks the beta-lactam ring of the antibiotic and makes the antibiotic ineffective to block the bacterial cell wall synthesis and hence a resistance to the antibiotic (Miller et al., 2004). Figure3 structure of beta-lactam (www.users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/Biology/pages/A/Antibiotics) Mutation at the target sites Some antibiotics such as Streptomycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 16SrRNA and blocks the function of the ribosome but bacterial changes the 16SrRNA gene and limit the attraction of streptomycin to the 16S molecule bacterial mutate and acquire a new DNA. In imipenem resistant, Pseudomonosa aerugeninosa, lack the specific D2 porin and imipenem cannot break through the cell. Changing the main site of action may change the drug target in that antibiotic may enter the cell but may miss the target and may not be able to bind, the antibiotic may not be metabolised. This makes the antibiotic inactive in the bacteria and as result the bacterial develop tolerance (Springer et al., 2001). Enzymatic modification Ciprofloxacin act together with an enzyme gyrase to block its enzymatic action. An alteration in each the gene that is gyraseA or gyraseB would change the molecular arrangement of the gyrase and as such limit the binding affinity of the enzyme for ciprofloxacin. It therefore prevents the antibiotic from blocking the gyrase and this process enables the bacteria cell more resistant to the antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) (Gerard, 2005) Efflux of antibiotics from the cell by pump Other bacterial such as the Escherichia coli create a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) outflow pump gives the bacterial with resistance to antibiotics such as tetracycline, erythromycin or nalidic acid. The pump drives out the antibiotic from the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell and allows the bacterial to maintain the intracellular levels below the toxic or lethal concentrationThe MAR pump is made of proteins MarA and MarB, whose production is blocked by the controlling protein Mar. Poole (2000) These changes get rid of the suppression control of Mar and leads to much production of the Mar A and B efflux pump. The bacterial cell wall is able to get rid of higher concentrations of antimicrobial agents and as such become resistant to the antibiotic (Cohen et al., 1988). Acquired Resistance by alternate metabolic pathways Resistance in bacteria may be acquired when a bacterium is been exposed to antibiotic for a long period of time for example vancomycin resistance in Escherichia coli. This may be by mutation or by gaining a new DNA. Plasmids are copying pieces portion of DNA, slighter than the bacteria genome which programme their transfer by copying into another bacterial strain. These bacteria may then carry and transfer resistance gene which as part of the DNA.Viruses that infects bacterial bacteriophages can pass on resistance, especially in staphylococcus, DNA is released when bacterial dead bacterial is taken up by a viable bacterial and this is possibly route for the spread of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumonia. Bacterial possesses range of biochemical genetic systems for warranting the progression and diffusion of antibiotic resistance. Genes can appear by rapid transformation (Penrose, 1998). ‘Superbugs’ are used to describe a bacterium or microorganism that is able to resistant more than one or more commonly used antibiotics. Bacteria resistance to antibiotics are grouped according to the type of antimicrobial agent that they resist. The most common groups are: MRSA (Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to mithescilin ) VRE (Entrococcus species resistant to vancomycin); these type of bacteria live in the bowel and usually cause infection such as pneumonia, heart or wound in subjects with weak immune system or subjects with chronic disease such as diabetes. PRSP (Streptococcus pneumoniae strains resistant to penicillin); ESBLs (Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria resistant to cephalosporin and Monobactams) (Gerard, 2011) Treatment of superbugs MRSA is a type of Staphylococcus aureus has develops a resistant to antibacterial activity of methicillin and the other penicillins Staphylococcus aureus may cause infection in the blood or on the skin disease such. Vancomycin is a glycopeptide that is effective for the treatment of MRSA. It is hard and large molecule that blocks the last step of bacterial cell wall synthesis through hydrogen bonds with D-alanyl-D-alamine end of the peptodoglycan (PDG) side chains(Reynolds,1989)). Subjects infected with MRSA are treated with vancomycin but very painful through the intramuscular route and a rapid administration into the veins may cause an allergic reaction called the red-man syndrome, therefore a slow infusion of 50mk/kg is given two times daily for 7 days. Daptomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that has been approved by the American food and drug Administration for the treatment of MRSA, VRE and PSBP. It binds irreversibly to the bacteria cell membrane and depolarise it and m ore Potassium ions move out of the cell to create an inbalance of the ion-concentration gradient. Currently, Daptomycin shows no cross-resistance. A dose of 4-6mg/kg is administered once daily for 7 days. It is not metabolised in the liver. Daptomycin interacts with the HMG-6A reductase inhibitors such as statin. Nausea, constipation and headache are the main side effects associated with the use of Daptomycin. Quinupristin was well used in the year 2000 for the treatment of hospital acquired infection. Quinupristin main function was to interfere with both the early and the last phase of bacterial protein synthesis but the major problem was that it has to required slow infusion for a large volume fluid just as vancomycin and as such could only be used for inpatients subjects(Despoina and Jordi,2006)). Dancer, an oral Streptogramin has been was developed and out 53 subjects 39 were successfully cured of MRSA infection. A new glycopeptide, MDL63246 with a similar mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics as vancomycin is under early stages of development and would be more effective at lower dosages than vancomycin and less side effects. (Franz-Joseph and Mark, 1997) A new approach for VRE treatment is the blocking of oxazoliddines from flowing out of the bacterial cell and broad spectrum pumps of Gram negative bacterial is being studied for future treatment of VRE. (Livermore, 2003).Linezolid belongs to the oxazolinones class of antibiotics and it binds to the 50S ribosomal segment and blocks bacterial protein synthesis. can be administered intravenously or orally .Through the oral administration, a subject is given 600mg two times daily for 10-14 days and 600mg 30-120 minutes twice daily for one week for intravenous route. Moxifloxacin is a drug of choice for the treatment of PRSP It work by inhibiting DNA synthesis by enhancing cleavage of DNA of the bacterial DNA enzyme complex of the DNA gyrase and type IV topoisomerase figure. The dose regime is based on the type of infection, for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis a 400mg of Moxifloxacin is given daily for 10 days and 400mg daily dose of Moxifloxacin for 7-14 days is used treat community acquired pneumonia by Streptococcus sp. Figure3 the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones (www.mecriticalcare,net/downloads/Dcourse/AntimicrobialAgents Tigecycline is currently used to treat ESBPLs treat Gram negative enteric rod such as E. coli and Gram negative bacilli such as the Pseudomonas spp. Tigecycline interfere with the bacterial protein synthesis by attaching to the 30S of the ribosomal subunit and this 100mg load dose is given initially and 50mg subsequent dose of every 12 hours is administered for seven days (figure3). (Wunderink et al., 2003) Figure3 Tigecycline binding to Ribosome 30S subunit at:www.mecritcalcare.net/AntimicrobialAgent. Conclusion Bacteria or microbes are constantly reproducing at a faster and becoming resistant to antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial resistance is a global crisis new and more potent antibiotics would have to be developed to overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance. Identification of natural products and knowing their biosynthesis from the bacterial source would enable scientist to find well defined antibiotic structures to that could kill or destroy all kinds of bacterial. Scientist may target ribose DNA, RNA or the peptodoglycan. Reference Brumfit, W.and Hamilton-Miller, J. (1989) Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. N Eng J Med 320:1188-1196 Cohen, S.P., McMurry, L.M. and Levy, S.B. (1988) marA locus causes decreased expression of OmpF porin in multiple-antibiotic-resistant (Mar) mutants of Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology 170:5416-5422 Despoina, K.and Jordi, R. (2006) Hospital –acquired pneumonia in the 21st century: a review of existing treatment options and their impact on patient care. Expert Opin.Pharmacother 7 12) 1555-1569 Douglas, N.F. (2002) Extended-Interval Dosing of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in critically ill patients. Journal of Pharmacy Practice15:85-95 Franz-Joseph, S.and Mark, E.J. (1997) Antibiotics for treatment of infections caused by MRSA and elimination of MRSA carriage: What are the choicesInternational Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 9:1-19 Gerald, D.W. (2005) Bacterial resistance to antibiotics: Enzymatic degradation and of modification. Advance Drug Delivery Reviews 57:1451-1470 Gerald, D.W. (2011) Molecular mechanism of antibiotic resistance. Chem.Commun. 47:4055-4061 Livermore, D.M. (2003) Linezolid in vitro mechanism and Antimicrobial spectrum. Journal of Antimicrobial chemotherapy 51:9-16 Miller,C.,Thomsen,C.G.,Mosseri,H.I. and Cohen,S.N.(2004) SOS response induction by ?-lactams and bacterial defence against antibiotic lethality. Science 305:1629-1631 Patrick, F.M.D (2003) Antimicrobials: Modes of Action and mechanism of resistance. International Journal of Toxicology 22:135-143 Penrose, E. (1998) Bacterial resistance to antibiotics-a case of unnatural selection. Creation research Society Quarterly 35:76-83 Peter, N.B. and Morris, J.B (2008) Clinical Pharmacology.edn 10.Churchil Livinstone.london Poole, K.(2000) Efflux-mediated resistance to Floroquinolones in-gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44:2877-3884 Reynolds, P.E. (1989) Structure, biochemistry and mechanism of action of glycopeptide antibiotics.EurJ.clin Micr infection.Dis 8:943-950 SpringerB.,Kidan,Y.P.,Prammananan,K.E.,Bottger,E.C. and Sander,P.(2001) Mechanism of streptomycin resistance: selection of mutation in the 16S rRNA gene conferring resistance . Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45:2877-2884 ww w.web-books.com/MoBio/free/ch8A.htm www.mecriticalcare,net/downloads/Dcourse/AntimicrobialAgents www.users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/Biology/Pages/A/Antibiotic How to cite Resistance of bacterial to antimicrobial agents, Essay examples

Business Management Integrated Strategy Framework (ISF)

Question: Discuss about the Essay for Business Management of Integrated Strategy Framework (ISF) . Answer: Strategic contexts of Lafarge Tarmac Introduction Considering the construction business, there are two main things, which are required to be dealt with viz., the risks involved with the business processes along with the professional skills and high costs (Franks et al. 2014). However, the global construction companies are committed to their respective works by finding an appropriate way such that to conduct the construction processes in an eco friendly and sustainable manner. It should be noted that the UK is one of the most finely constructed countries in the world where the main credit for the same goes to the professional skills and the capabilities that the construction companies impart in the country. The company well knew entire UK for its role in construction business. Vision, objectives, and goals of the company The mission of the company is to be the first choice for the building materials and services for its customers around the world by providing them with the essential needs for the development. Basic vision of the company is to remain sustainable in the market with dedication to implement safety on the construction sites. In addition, the values of the construction company are diversified relating to the construction business. The company aims at developing a strategy, which needs to be playing a significant aspect in the business cycle. According to the annual report of the company in 2013, the company had stated safety to be the utmost priority such that the company would be focusing more on the safety in the construction process even before the revenue and profits (Coscelli and Horrocks 2014). The objectives of the company are to protect the environment. The main vision of the company is to operate its business processes in such a way that it is enhanced in the future with the minim um effect in the environment. Issues involved in the strategic planning of Lafarge Tarmac Strategic planning issues An effective strategic plan requires the manager to properly plan before executing the same. It is the responsibility of the manager to implement an effective strategy such that to enhance the construction process of the company in an eco friendly manner. This could be achieved by implementing the latest technology within the business process (Floros 2015). Lafarge Tarmac aims at implementing the safety of the environment within its construction process. The managers are also required to implement an effective strategy planning such that to meet with the demand and expectations of the customers. Strategic thinking: Ansoffs growth vector matrix Products Markets Existing New Market penetration Product development Existing Building reputation value added chain Repositioning Exposure to international market New Market development Diversification Use of digital technology hosting global events strategic partnership gaining competitive advantage Table 1: Ansoff growth matrix Source: Created by author From the analysis of the above Ansoff matrix, it can be evident that the strategy of the Lafarge Tarmac Company is governed by four factors. The market penetration strategy deals in understanding the needs of the customers such that to grow its existing roots in the market. The main aim of the company is to provide the best products and services to its customers such that to meet with their expectations. The market development strategy would thus, enable the company to expand the business and explore on the global market. Planning system: Lafarge Tarmac, as a part of the wider growth strategy, has plans to acquire Tarmac Building products from Anglo Americans, which could help in increasing the foot printing of the company in the fast growing rejuvenated market like the construction of a house (Bon et al. 2013). During the stabilization and integration phases, the company needs to maintain an effective relationship with its customers (Mende et al. 2013). This approach would be enabling the company to continue its legacy in the construction sector by improving on the customer service in the future as well. The managers are required to be trained such that to conduct portfolio analysis for the construction company, which could enable them in developing appropriate strategies for enhancing the growth, rate of the firm in the rapidly changing market. The development of an appropriate strategic plan requires the manager to implement various approaches including the upside down, bottom up and top down approaches. The manage rs should be implementing a combination of these approaches in order to meet with the objectives of planning an effective strategy for the organization. Planning techniques Appropriate tools for the growth share perspective of the organization Directional policy matrix The technique is significant in formulating an effective strategy by incorporating two most important elements. First element is the positioning of the company on the market. The position of the business in the market is also known as the capability if the market (Proctor 2014). This element helps in defining the strength of the company in the market. Lafarge Tarmac Company has very strong market recognition as it is one of the leading construct service companies in the UK. The second element is the positioning of the company in respective of its products in the market. Now use the matrix, Lafarge Tarmac can be considered as a very strong competitor in the construction sector. The products of the company are attractive for the customers. Thus, from the information being gathered from the matrix, it can be evident that Lafarge Tarmac is one of the strongest competitors in the construction industry and has every opportunity to grow in the competitive market. Thus, as per the directiona l policy metric, the managers are required to plan and implement an efficient strategy for facilitating the growth of the company in the market in the UK (Proctor 2014). Space matrix The matrix is one of the best techniques for reverse engineering. The matrices in quadrants that help in defining the strategies that are required be implemented by Lafarge Tarmac Company. The quadrants incorporated in the matrix are Aggressive, Defensive, Competitive, and Conservative (Tafti et al. 2013). The strategy of the company to be implemented depends on the nature of the market and the demand of the customers in the market. Lafarge Tarmac is one of the leading construction service provider in the UK market and hence, it need to be dominating in the market. Thus, the managers are required to implement an aggressive strategic plan for facilitating the growth of the company in the market. Produce an organizational audit for Lafarge Tarmac SWOT analysis Strengths Lafarge Tarmac is the leading service provider for the construction sector in the UK. The company is best known for its quality consecution products including cement and ready concrete cement. Weaknesses Though, the company provides the best quality products in the market, it lacks the implementation of the latest technology in its products. Moreover, the company does not implement diversification of its products. Opportunities Green living is what the majority of population are opting for in the present modern world (Shiva 2016). The company has been planning to incorporate the lasted technology in the production of the construction products, which could use less carbon content and hence, would be causing less pollution in the environment in the future. Threats The only threat that the company is facing is the threat for the competitors in the market who are better versed with the utilization of the latest technology in the manufacturing o their products (Bull et al. 2016). Value chain analysis The value chain analysis model implements the analysis of the activities of Lafarge Tarmac, which is followed by the evaluation of values at each step in the production. The evaluation of the value is conducted at the maximum potential. The managers are then, required to identify if any social change is required in the production process on the basis of the value being evaluated in the value chain technique (Jaligo et al. 2016). Analysing the business process of Lafarge Tarmac, it can be evident that the inbound logistics is the primary activity, which act as the raw materials for the company. The logistics includes the processing of tons of limestone for the production of cement. Moreover, the logistics of the company is highly valuable for the company, which includes the manufacturing of quality products. Marketing and sales of the company are the secondary activities, which are valuable for the company, helping in enhancing the profitability in the future. The managers of the comp any are required to implement the strategies such that to enhance the productivity of the business processes involved with the manufacturing process (Jaligo et al. 2016). They are also required to implement an effective marketing strategy, which could be helpful in promoting the products in the market and increasing the growth and profitability of company in the future. Scenario planning The scenario planning or scenario analysis is used by the organizations such that to ensure long term plans for the business (Stewart et al. 2013). The Lafarge Tarmac is a provider of services and products related to the construction sector, which aims at incorporating the latest technology within its business processes. Thus, the managers are required to plan and implement an effective business strategy based on the existing technology and materials for a longer term. Product Position The product positioning strategy is the technique, which incorporates the comparison of the products with the competitive substitutes in the market (Gao et al. 2013). As Lafarge Tarmac is the leading provider of the construction product and services and hence, should be having a high level of opportunity to enhance its growth and profitability in the market. Strategic positioning: There are many tools, which could be used by the managers to evaluate the strategic positioning of the company in the market. One of the effective tools for evaluating the position of the company in the market is the Ansoff matrix. Ansoff matrix First task in the matrix includes the evaluation of the market penetration. Lafarge Tarmac has signed the deals with the Holcim Ltd, which is itself a leading company in the cement industry. Second is the matrix development, which is conducted in order to evaluate the ability of the company to explore and sustain in the new market. The third part of the matrix is the product development, which could be helping in the development of the existing products and launching of new products in the market. The fourth matrix is the diversification, which can be defined as the combination of all other three parts of the Ansoff matrix (Hussain et al. 2013). Environmental audit for Lafarge Tarmac PESTLE Political The political section includes the impact on the business performance of the company in case the UK government launches some new policy of taxation for the construction sector. Economic Economic environment is very crucial for Lafarge Tarmac as the economic condition of the country and demand of the customers during a specified time would be deciding on the sustainability and profitability of the company. Social The company has planned to incorporate the health and safety of the individuals working in its business environment. This is an important factor, which deals with the safety of the individuals by providing the same with the utmost priority, Technological The technology is another important aspect, which could help the company in renovating its products in the market. Environmental The environment is yet another significant aspect, which requires the company to consider the same such that to minimise the effect of gather construction processes on the environment (Gillam and Siriwardena 2013). Porters 5 forces Threat of the competition by new entrants Lafarge Tarmac is the leading service provider of the construction products in the UK. Moreover, the merging of the company with the leading cement producer in the market has created a barrier for the new companies to enter into the merely. Threat of the competition from existing companies A stated earlier, the company has been the leading construction service provider in the market such that it is able to gain more market penetration than its competitors are. Bargaining power of the customer The company has been implementing various strategies and has planned to incorporate the latest technology within its manufacturing process such that to meet with the expectations of the customers. Bargaining power of the suppliers The company maintains a healthy relationship with the suppliers in order to get quality goods. This could help the company in manufacturing the best products in the market. Rivalry As the company is the leading company in the construction sector, it is obvious that the company has to experience serious competition by the existing companies in the market. However, owing to the unique strategic implementation, the company has been able to sustain in the market in a very shorter time (Anton 2015). Significance of stakeholder analysis Stakeholders Requirements Objectives Management Board Guiding the proper implementation of the strategies Facilitating the construction company with skillful resources Managers checking whether the strategic implementation is conducting properly reducing down on the production costs associated with the construction project Employees Implementing the latest technology in the construction project increasing the productivity of the construction company Suppliers Supplying quality raw materials including Limestone for the manufacturing of quality cement Maximizing the productivity of the business Table: Stakeholder analysis Source: Created by author Possible alternative strategies related to the substantial growth, limited growth for Lafarge Substantive growth strategies: The substantive growth is also very successful way to grow in the market. Sustainable growth can be prove out be very beneficial for Lafarge Tarmac which would be helping in covering up the deficiencies in its business processes (Mitchelmore and Rowley 2013). Considering the construction business, there are two main things, which are required to be dealt with viz., the risks involved with the business processes along with the professional skills and high costs. However, the global construction companies are committed to their respective works by finding an appropriate way such that to conduct the construction processes in an eco friendly and sustainable manner. The market penetration strategy deals in understanding the needs of the customers such that to grow its existing roots in the market. The main aim of the company is to provide the best products and services to its customers such that to meet with their expectations. The market development strategy would thus, enable the compan y to expand the business and explore on the global market Lafarge Tarmac, as a part of the wider growth strategy, has plans to acquire Tarmac Building products from Anglo Americans, which could help in increasing the foot printing of the company in the fast growing rejuvenated market like the construction of a house (Bon et al 2013). During the stabilization and integration phases, the company needs to maintain an effective relationship with its customers. This approach would be enabling the company to continue its legacy in the construction sector by improving on the customer service in the future as well. The managers are required to be trained such that to conduct portfolio analysis for the construction company, which could enable them in developing appropriate strategies for enhancing the growth, rate of the firm in the rapidly changing market (Hollensen 2015). The company, being the leader in the provision of quality products in the construction sector, it could grow sustainability in the market. The most commonly practiced techniques involved with the substantial growth are the merger an acquisitions. However, the main disadvantage of the substantial growth strategy is that there could arise a financial problem post the merging of two companies. Disinvestment strategy The disinvestment strategy would be helping in enhancing the business performance of the company, which could help it to become more stable financially (Garca-Armesto et al. 2013). The company has been dealing with the production of wider range of products including cement, concrete, and bricks. However, the competition commission is requiring the company to be focusing on one of its products in order to impart more quality on the product. As a matter of consequence, the company has planned to focus on the cement by merging with the leading cement manufacturer, Holcim. Three strategies from the perspective of the competition commission and the shareholders Market entry strategies: Market entry strategy for the company include its merging with the leading cement producer in the UK, Holcim. This alliance with the organization has helped the company to launch its products in the UK market (Holtbrgge and Baron 2013). However, the company should be looking forward to licensing for its branches such that to enhance its growth in the market. Limited growth strategies: An effective strategic plan requires the manager to properly plan before executing the same. It is the responsibility of the manager to implement an effective strategy such that to enhance the construction process of the company in an eco friendly manner (Grant 2016). This could be achieved by implementing the latest technology within the business process. Lafarge Tarmac aims at implementing the growth strategies within its construction process. The managers are also required to implement an effective strategy planning such that to meet with the demand and expectations of the customers. Growth strategy: Lafarge Tarmac, as a part of the wider growth strategy, has plans to acquire Tarmac Building products from Anglo Americans, which could help in increasing the foot printing of the company in the fast growing rejuvenated market like the construction of a house. During the stabilization and integration phases, the company needs to maintain an effective relationship with its customers. This approach would be enabling the company to continue its legacy in the construction sector by improving on the customer service in the future as well. The managers are required to be trained such that to conduct portfolio analysis for the construction company, which could enable them in developing appropriate strategies for enhancing the growth, rate of the firm in the rapidly changing market (Grant 2016). The development of an appropriate strategic plan requires the manager to implement various approaches including the upside down, bottom up and top down approaches. The managers shoul d be implementing a combination of these approaches in order to meet with the objectives of planning an effective strategy for the organization Appropriate future strategy Most feasible strategy suitable for Lafarge Strategy selection: Lafarge Tarmac is the joint venture and has signed for merging with Holcim Ltd. and hence the best option for the organization would be to diversify in the countries other than the UK. In this sense, the diversification would be the best option to diversification would be the best option of growth for the company (Pachur and Galesic 2013). The diversification strategy would be helping in the growth of the company in the market but also gain the competitive advantage over the competitors. The strategy of diversification would be thus, highly acceptable for the Lafarge Tarmac. Comparing the role sand responsibilities for strategy implementation Strategists and their responsibilities Management Committee The management committee is the most important stakeholder of the Lafarge Tarmac who would be responsible for implementing the strategies within the work culture of the company (Kerzner 2013). The main responsibility of the committee would be to implement the process determination. The committee would also be responsible for evaluating the improvement during the management of the controlling function. Board of Directors One of the most important strategies involved with the strategic implementation of the Lafarge Tarmac Company would be the Board of Directors (Knyazeva et al. 2013). The activities involved with the strategic implementation of the Directors would be the design the mission statements. Marketing managers The marketing managers are responsible for facilitating the strategic implementation with tin the workplace by conducting the environmental analysis (Lantos 2015). The analysis would be conducted by implementing the surveys and interviews. Strategic managers The strategic managers would be responsible for the evaluating the competitive advantage of the company in the market (Hill et al. 2014). The managers would also be responsible for analyzing the market on the basis of the financial reports of the company. Strategy Practice model There are three basic influences of the business operations involved with the strategy pricing model in Lafarge Tarmac includes the culture, system and structure of the company. The impact of the influences on the business operations has been described below as: Strategy implementation Culture The culture as evident in the workplace environment of the company is influenced by the strategies being implemented in the workplace (Moghaddam and Russ 2015). The strategy of the company to provide the best quality products and services to its customers should be reflecting in the work culture and employees for getting the strategy to be oriented with one common objective. Structure The three aspects, which have a deep impact owing to the strategic implementation in the workplace, includes the decision making, communication and coordination among the different teams in Lafarge Tarmac. The employees would be required to be responsible for changing in a positive way for increasing the productivity of the company in the future (Black and Kim 2012). System The systems involved with the various business processes of the company would be having an impact owing to the implementation of the new strategies. This implementation would be responsible for creating a greater impact on the output of the organization. The strategies would also affect the employees and the integrating system of the company as well (Cina 2013). The realization of the strategic plans should be implemented by implicating a proper communication of the strategy plan with the employees of the company. Resource requirements to implement a new strategy a.) Resource allocation: Finance As Lafarge Tarmac has been established by the venture between two market leaders of the construction industry, the assets of the organization are double the value of its liabilities. Thus, the financing would not be an issue for the company to implement the strategic implementation within the workplace. However, the financial manager is required to estimate the budget for the implementation of the implementation project within the specific timeline. Human Resources The human resource manager is required to manage the resources of the company by allocating the tasks according to the capabilities of the individuals. The main responsibility of the human resource manager would be to explore on the performance of the individual according to their potentials such that to ensure the successful implementation of the strategies. Physical resources Infrastructure and raw materials for the manufacturing process of the products are highly valuable assets of the company. The strategy of the company to manufacture quality construction products would depend on the quality of the limestone and other raw materials being supplied by the suppliers of the company. Targets for achievement in a given organisation to monitor a given strategy. The targets for achieving and monitoring the strategy of Lafarge Tarmac includes the tools of evaluation, theoretical standpoints and the targets to be evaluated in the strategic implementation process. Benchmarking The benchmarks for the monitoring of the given strategy within the work culture of the company would be evaluate the perforce of the entire business process by comparing the performance of the organization with the performance of entire construction solution providers in the industry. SWOT analysis The strategists are required to evaluate if the strategies being implemented in the work culture actually, help in increasing the strengths of the company. It the strategies are evaluated to be increasing the weaknesses of the company, then, the managers should not be continuing to implement the same within the business processes of the company. KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) Evaluation of the key processes for the organization would be helpful in finding out the effectiveness of the strategies as implemented in the business processes (Parmenter 2015). References Anton, R., 2015. An Integrated Strategy Framework (ISF) for Combining Porter's 5-Forces, Diamond, PESTEL, and SWOT Analysis. Black, B. and Kim, W., 2012. The effect of board structure on firm value: A multiple identification strategies approach using Korean data.Journal of Financial Economics,104(1), pp.203-226. Bon, J., Crocioni, P. and Sala, F., 2013. There is Always a First Time: Coordinated Effects via Vertical Structural Changes in Anglo/Lafarge.Lafarge (June 11, 2013). Bull, J.W., Jobstvogt, N., Bhnke-Henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., Lambini, C.K., Rawlins, M., Baral, H., Zhringer, J. and Carter-Silk, E., 2016. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework.Ecosystem Services,17, pp.99-111. Cina, C., 2013. Creating an effective customer satisfaction program.Journal of Consumer Marketing. Coscelli, A. and Horrocks, A., 2014. GREAT BRITAIN EUROPE: Making Markets Work Well:" E UK Market Investigations Regime.Competition Pol'y Int'l,10, pp.24-346. Floros, J.D., 2015. Academic Leadership through Strategic Planning.Academic Leadership in Higher Education: From the Top Down and the Bottom Up, p.161. Franks, D.M., Davis, R., Bebbington, A.J., Ali, S.H., Kemp, D. and Scurrah, M., 2014. Conflict translates environmental and social risk into business costs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,111(21), pp.7576-7581. Gao, Y., Liu, Z., Song, S. and Zheng, J., 2013. Technological Capacity, Product Position, and Firm Competitiveness: An Empirical Analysis.Chinese economy,46(1), pp.55-74. Garca-Armesto, S., Campillo-Artero, C. and Bernal-Delgado, E., 2013. Disinvestment in the age of cost-cutting sound and fury. Tools for the Spanish National Health System.Health policy,110(2), pp.180-185. Gillam, S. and Siriwardena, A.N., 2013. Leadership and management for quality.Quality in primary care,21(4), pp.253-259. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Holtbrgge, D. and Baron, A., 2013. Market entry strategies in emerging markets: An institutional study in the BRIC countries.Thunderbird International Business Review,55(3), pp.237-252. Hussain, S., Khattak, J., Rizwan, A. and Latif, M.A., 2013. ANSOFF matrix, environment, and growth-an interactive triangle.Management and Administrative Sciences Review,2(2), pp.196-206. Jaligot, R., Wilson, D.C., Cheeseman, C.R., Shaker, B. and Stretz, J., 2016. Applying value chain analysis to informal sector recycling: A case study of the Zabaleen.Resources, Conservation and Recycling,114, pp.80-91. Kerzner, H.R., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Knyazeva, A., Knyazeva, D. and Masulis, R.W., 2013. The supply of corporate directors and board independence.Review of Financial Studies,26(6), pp.1561-1605. Lantos, G.P., 2015.Consumer behavior in action: Real-life applications for marketing managers. Routledge. Mende, M., Bolton, R.N. and Bitner, M.J., 2013. Decoding customer-firm relationships: How attachment styles help explain customers' preferences for closeness, repurchase intentions, and changes in relationship breadth.Journal of Marketing Research,50(1), pp.125-142. Mitchelmore, S. and Rowley, J., 2013. Growth and planning strategies within women-led SMEs.Management Decision,51(1), pp.83-96. Moghaddam, H. and Russ, M., 2015. A Study on the Effect of Culture and Human and Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Strategies in Family Businesses in Iran.Quantitative Multidisciplinary Approaches in Human Capital and Asset Management, p.153. Pachur, T. and Galesic, M., 2013. Strategy selection in risky choice: The impact of numeracy, affect, and crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ cultural differences.Journal of Behavioral Decision Making,26(3), pp.260-271. Parmenter, D., 2015.Key performance indicators: developing, implementing, and using winning KPIs. John Wiley Sons. Proctor, T., 2014.Strategic marketing: an introduction. Routledge. Shiva, V., 2016.The violence of the green revolution: Third world agriculture, ecology, and politics. University Press of Kentucky. Stewart, T.J., French, S. and Rios, J., 2013. Integrating multicriteria decision analysis and scenario planningReview and extension.Omega,41(4), pp.679-688. Tafti, S.F., Jalili, E. and Yahyaeian, L., 2013. Assessment and Analysis Strategies according to Space Matrix-case Study: Petrochemical and Banking Industries in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE).Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,99, pp.893-901.

Fillmore, Millard (1800-1874), 13th President Of The United States (18

Fillmore, Millard (1800-1874), 13th president of the United States (1850-1853) and the second vice president to finish the term of a deceased president. He succeeded Zachary Taylor at a critical moment in United States history. The Mexican War (1846-1848) had renewed the conflict between the Northern and Southern states over slavery, since it had added new territories to the United States. The debate over whether these territories should be admitted as free or slave states precipitated a crisis that threatened civil war. Much to the relief of Northern and Southern politicians, Fillmore pursued a moderate and conciliatory policy. He signed into law the Compromise of 1850, which admitted one territory as a free state and allowed slave owners to settle in the others. This compromise did not solve the basic problem of slavery but did preserve peace for nearly eleven years. During that time the North gained the industrial power that enabled it to defeat the South when civil war eventually came. Fillmore was born in upstate New York in 1800. He was the second child and eldest son in a family of nine. His parents, Nathaniel and Phoebe Millard Fillmore, had moved from Vermont to New York several years before his birth. Young Fillmore did chores on his father's farm, worked as an apprentice in the clothier's trade, and attended local schools irregularly until he was 17. Although the only books in his home were the Bible, an almanac, and a hymnbook, Fillmore managed to educate himself with the help of a village schoolteacher, Abigail Powers. When he was 19, Fillmore began to study law with Judge Walter Wood of Cayuga County. He supported himself by teaching school. When his family moved to East Aurora, near Buffalo, New York, Fillmore continued his study of law and his teaching. In 1823 he opened a law office in East Aurora. Three years later he married Abigail Powers. The couple had two children, Mary Abigail and Millard Powers. In the early years of their marriage, Mrs. Fillmore continued to teach school and to help her husband with his law studies. In 1826, the year Fillmore was married, an incident in western New York set him on the road to the presidency. When William Morgan, a former member of the Masonic fraternal order who had written a book that claimed to expose the order's secrets, disappeared, the rumor spread that he had been murdered by avenging Masons. Thurlow Weed, a newspaper publisher and politician, seized on the incident to arouse public feeling against all secret organizations and helped to organize the Anti-Masonic Party. Meanwhile, Millard Fillmore had been winning respect and popularity in East Aurora. People admired his professional ethics, temperate habits, careful speech and dress, and good looks. These qualities caught the attention of the Anti-Masonic politicians, who were looking for vote-winning candidates. In 1828, Weed and his group ran Fillmore for a seat in the New York state legislature, and he was elected. Four years later, again with Weed's backing, Fillmore was elected to the House of Represe ntatives in the Congress of the United States. When the Anti-Masonic Party merged with the new Whig Party in the mid-1830s, Fillmore became a Whig. In Congress he was a strong supporter of Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky, the leader of the Whigs. The two men agreed that compromise on the slavery issue was necessary to preserve peace between the North and South. In the important position of chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, Fillmore took a leading part in framing the protective tariff (tax on imports) of 1842. The tariff raised rates to about the high level of the tariff of 1833. That tariff was opposed by the South and had provoked the state of South Carolina to pass its Ordinance of Nullification, declaring the tariff void within its borders. Fillmore did not run for reelection in 1842. He hoped for the vice presidential nomination on Clay's Whig presidential ticket, but the party's national convention of 1844 gave that spot to Theodore Frelinghuysen of New Jersey. Fillmore then accepted the Whig nomination for governor of New York. In the election, however, Fillmore was beaten by his Democratic Party opponent, Silas Wright, and Clay lost the decisive New York

buy custom Future Military Technologies essay

buy custom Future Military Technologies essay Since time in history every state has a military. The main reason being that at any time a nation need to prevent their resources from any foreign attacks. As a result, much military advancement has always been there over quite a number of years with an aim of raising their security. To curb the terrorist attacks there is great need to have strong military weapons in order to be in a position to fight terrorists who are in most cases using superior weapons. Over a good number of years, the military technology has not yet been still every time a new expansion which may provide better means of assault which must be answered by a superior means of defence. Military technology can be defined as correction of vehicles, structures and communication system which are designed for used in warfare. Better warships, missiles, fight planes gives one side an advantage in a battle until the enemy in the war develops better version of the same or a more advantaged one. Due to this, military engineers and scientists are spending a lot of time looking for new military engines and electronics to replace the existing one. In some cases military forces spot a need for certain vehicle, warship weapon or a plane. As a result, military designers are asked to come up with different designs which are then tested and the best is chosen. Numerous researches have been made so as to come up with future military technologies. For example Boeing Company and Lockheed martin have teamed to perform studies and system development efforts with an aim of coming up with the anticipated United States Air Force 2018 bomber programme. Their main aim is to come up capacity based-roadmaps for technological maturation for the 2018 bomber program. This weapon will have stealth capability and long range. According to Air Force secretary Michael Wayne this bomber will also have capability to stay airborne on call for a very long time. These weapon will have the capability to strike anywhere in the world at long range. Previously before it development the Air Force had no need for long range strikes until 2037. In early 2006 the defence force a new goal with an aim of coming up with a long rage strike bomber. That marked the birth of 2018 bomber (Woolf pp 4). Another important weapon among the future military technology weapon is the Fotofigher. According to Airborne Laser, military manufactures designed to shoot down ballistic weapons during the launch phase. It is speculated that the Fotofighiter should make it appearance. According to military,this weaponwill have embedded arrays of semi-conductor lasers as sensors and weapons for both defensive offensive purposes. It will also likely be pilotless invisibility, and be able to fry the countryside with mega joule bursts of energy, but only, one supposes, after de-docking (Gadgetmaniac para 3). An Air Force study has also shown that future dogfighters might not require a pilot in the cock pit. Air Force explains how ever-larger and more sophisticated flying robots could eventually replace every type of manned aircraft in its inventory everything from speedy, air-to-air fighters to lumbering bombers and tankers. A huge drone is under away to represent today tankers and transport vessels. This is what is referred to as the All-drone. Some of the missions tapped for possible, future drones are currently considered sacrosanct for human pilots. An example of this drones are dog fighting and nuclear bombing. As a result, there has been a need to replace the existing drones with ones that will require no human pilots. As a result, numerous researches have been conducted to ascertain the one to replace the existing aircrafts without human pilot (Axe, pp.43). As for nuclear bombing: Many aviators, in particular, believe that a man in the loop should remain an integral part of the nuclear mission because of the psychological perception that there is a higher degree of accountability and moral certainty with a manned bomber. This means that even though there some technological advancement human control remains an integral part of this military technological advancement (Axe, pp. 5). Testimonies and press reports suggested that the next generation air crafts would likely to be subsonic and stealthy. This aircraft might have unrefueled range of 2000 to 3000 miles and it might carry 28000 to 40000 pounds of armament. It is also stated that the aircraft basic design might also serve as the basis of design for the new Air Force long-range reconnaissance aircraft (Ian Graham, para. 7). According to Edwin S., war is better for totally nothing. Wars plant an enormous demand .They specify that robots having a reprogrammable brain (a computer) which helps in moving the body. According to robots, they differ from other impermanent machines, such as cars, because they have computer element. Many of the latest cars do have onboard computers which only help to make small adjustments. You control most elements in the car directly by way of various mechanical devicees. Robots differ from ordinary computers in their way of physical nature. upon a country`s resources. Those incomes contain everything from supplies to military personnel. It's so expensive to pay war. Such fighting places a burden on citizens. As soldiers walk to battle, the people left must work even harder to sustain the nation's economy from collapsing. For this purpose every nation has been working hard to guarantee that they got better warfare equipments. Nevertheless, wars may also have beneficial importance on economic and technological progress. Normally, wars have a tendency to accelerate technological improvement to acclimatize tools for the need of solving specific military problems. The most recent example of this is radar. While most of the scientists around the world used radio antennae to identify distant items during the early 20th century, we credit Sir Robert Watson-Watt for building the first practical radar in 1935. British Air Ministry adopted this design and used it to perceive aggressors in the early days of World war two (Strickland, para. 6). Radar now is an important tool in militaries in the whole world. Consecutively, radar's adoption requires countries to adapt to the modern warfare strategies. It generally prompted the United States to advance in research and development for the new ways to stun radar. This resulted to stealth aircraft technologies (Strickland, para. 4). Militaries in united states are coming up with robotic systems for all kinds of jobs for year and some of them being at the front line in any war fare. A machine is made up in same components. A typical robot having a movable physical components, a motor of some sort, a sensor arrangement, a power deliver and a computer "brain" that wheels all of these elements. Essentially, these machines are man-made version of animal life they are machines which replicate human and animal conduct. Most robot cists (people who build robots) usually use a more accurate definition. The reason behind being that ordinary computers do not have physical bodies attached to them. It is commonly for military technologies to have been researched and developed by scientists and engineers purposely for the usage of armed forces. Numerous new technologies have been introduced due to the help by military funding of science. Military engineering has been the design, developer, tester and lifecycle management of military artillery and systems. It has also drawn on the awareness of a number of traditional weapons. Buy custom Future Military Technologies essay

Planning and Controlling Direct Labor Costs Essay

Planning and Controlling Direct Labor Costs - Essay Example In the current competitive business environment, companies that cannot afford to charge low prices on their products are likely to be excluded from markets. In this regard, cost cutting allows firms to employ low pricing strategy and still make profits (Burns, Quinn, Warren & Oliveira, 2013). Business costs come in many forms. As noted by Burn et al. (2013), manufacturing companies incur expenses in acquisition of raw material and labour among other things. Sometimes it is not easy to assess the value contributed to the company’s product or service by the expenses incurred. According to Burn et al. (2013), many firms find it hard to assess actual contribution of their employees to their products. In this regard, planning and control of direct labour costs is one of the most challenging tasks for businesses. This paper discusses direct labour costs in relation to a soda ash mining company called Tata Chemicals Magadi. Importance of the study Tata Chemicals Magadi has been exper iencing financial difficulties in the recent years. As a result, the company hired an expatriate in May this year to help streamline its operations. After analysing the company’s operations, Paul Patterson (the expatriate) asserted that the Magadi’s financial problems were mainly caused by poor planning and control of labour costs. He therefore proposed a plan to improve labour efficiency. He took office in July 2013 but his progress has never been assessed until today. This study aims at determining the extent to which Patterson has been successful in streamlining the company’s direct labour costs. The specific objectives include: (1) determining actual contribution of individual employees to product output in the months of September, October and November. (2) Reconciling variances and providing information that will help the company to properly plan and control its direct labour costs. (3) Enhancing maximum output from employees. Analysis Direct labour cost co mprises of human resource expenses that goes directly to processing of products or provision of services (Horngren, Datar & Foster, 2003). In a manufacturing set up, direct labour cost would be the expenses incurred in form payment of wages and other benefits to employees who are directly involved in product manufacturing (Horngren, Datar & Foster, 2003). In this regard, as pointed out by Horngren et al. (2003), benefits may range from house allowance, transport allowance, medical cover, social security contribution and workmen’s compensation insurance among other things. This excludes labour expenses related to administrative functions such as accounting, human resources and purchases departments. Some functions in manufacturing department such as supervision and other overhead costs are not part of direct labour costs (Horngren et al., 2003). Tata Chemicals Magadi mines and dries soda ash from Lake Magadi before packaging and transporting to the market. In this case, direct labour costs comprise of wages and other benefits enjoyed by employees who are directly involved in mining and drying of soda ash. There are seven plant operators in charge of mining machines and 22 in charge of driers. In addition, there are 6 drivers who operate tracks that transport wet ash from the lake to the drying plants 4 in charge of front-end loaders at mining

Immigration and Diversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Immigration and Diversity - Research Paper Example This paper discusses the migration of the Japanese into the state of Texas and where they settled. The Japanese migrated into Texas for various reasons. Some of them moved from Japan to settle in Texas as a result of overpopulation and congestion in the country1. The movement of some of the Japanese was by choice like, for instance, the movement of businessmen to Texas to exploit business opportunities in Texas. However, the migration of some of the Japanese was forced such as the forceful relocation of prisoners. Overpopulation caused a group of Japanese led by Sadatsuchi Uchida to tour the Gulf Coast eyeing the possibility of relocation to the area. The group was successful and thus migrated to the area and set up rise farms2. The success encouraged the movement of more Japanese to the location. Hostility drove Japanese from the West Coast to settle in Hidalgo and Cameron counties in lower Rio Grande Valley. Some of the Japanese settled in Bexar and El Paso countries. The migration of the Japanese was not particularly a drastic process. They moved into Texas in small groups and finally settled in the area to carry on their business activities. Today, the Japanese live peacefully in Texas and have become citizens by naturalization. Their massive contribution has led to the tremendous growth of the state of

Feminism in Film Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Feminism in Film - Movie Review Example The first is a romantic comedy romp set in stylized candy colors with serious underlying tones. The second is a true-to-life drama that is serious and heavy from the get-go. But both speak volumes on female oppression and the primacy of the "male gaze" in film and popular culture. Laura Mulvey (1990) has come up with the theory of the "male gaze", a theory that visual pop culture is tailored around pleasing the heterosexual male spectator and satisfying his desire for pleasure. Says Mulvey: In a world ordered by sexual imbalance, pleasure in looking has been split between active/male and passive/female. The determining male gaze projects its fantasy onto the female figure, which is styled accordingly. In their traditional exhibitionist role women are simultaneously looked at and displayed, with their appearance coded for strong visual and erotic impact so that they can be said to connote looked-at-ness. Woman displayed as sexual object is the leitmotif of erotic spectacle: from pin-ups to striptease, from Ziegfield to Busby Berkeley, she holds the look, plays to and signifies male desire. This paper will explore two movies where the issue of sexual roles, and the objectification of women, come into fore. These two movies are But I'm a Cheerleader and Boys Don't Cry. ... The film is a virtual commentary on stereotypes and the deleterious effects of stereotyping. For instance, the "evidence" used to demonstrate that Megan is a lesbian or has lesbian tendencies is the fact that she is a vegetarian, the photos she keeps of girls, and a displayed poster of Melissa Etheridge, known to be a gay icon admired and loved by lesbians. Equally disturbing are the activities they are made to undergo at the camp. For instance, they are bombarded by images of women performing tasks that are stereotyped as being for women and men performing tasks that are widely regarded as being for men. What this does is that it pigeonholes women and relegates them to certain roles in society, and conveys the message that they cannot nurture dreams that defy social conventions or venture beyond the parameters that have been set out for them. In effect, this supports the theory of the "male gaze", for in fact, these roles and these boxes have been created by a largely patriarchal and heterosexual society, where women are judged according to the yardsticks set up by men. Th e attractiveness of women, for instance, is judged through male lenses. If a woman behaves in a manner disapproved by men, then she is castigated, or in this case, called a lesbian. For example, the lead character's abject refusal to make out with a male character in the movie, Jared, is perceived as a deviation from the norm. This springs from the assumption that women jump at the chance to make out with men. The look and feel of the movie is very cotton-candy. There are deep hues of blue and pink. This suggests that the director is using color to further emphasize the point on stereotyping. Deep blue is

Feminism and its impact on society

Feminism and its impact on society Feminism is one of the basic movements for human liberty (Schneir, 1996: xi) a feminist role in society is to actively recognize the need for, and work towards creating equality for all women. Feminism is purely a movement which intends to enlighten people with a goal of improving gender equality and strengthening womens status in society. Geographers began to study feminism in the late 1970s as a resistance against sexism. Since the late 1970s to 90s, the work of many feminist geographers have explored the connections between gender and geography, and has challenged gender inequalities in both geographical discourse and knowledge about the world (Blunt, A Wills J 2000. Pg 91). Feminist geography is a more advanced approach within human geography, it addresses the various ways in which genders and geographies are mutually constituted (Pratt, 1994: 94). Feminist geography questions the patriarchal and hierarchical assumptions on which geography is based, and highlights the oppression and difficulty women face through gender inequality. The Feminist theory is concerned with analysing and explaining as well as changing gendered power relations. Our society is characterized by differences in power and status of two groups: men and women. Men inevitably have more power and status than women; this results in their interests being reinforced by patriarchy. We live in a patriarchal society that accepts as essentially unproblematic the routine beating, raping, and murder of women. (Batzell, R 2009) Feminist theories has inspired critical work across the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences that seeks to disrupt the gender imbalance of power that exists both within and beyond the academy (Alison, Blunt 2000). Feminists also claim that many cultural beliefs in contemporary society benefit men and ultimately disadvantage women. Therefore their fundamental aim is to reverse this disadvantaged role women play in society. Feminism spans all ideologies, activities, and policies whose goal it is to remove discrimination against women and to break down the male domination of society (Lovenduski and Randall, 1993: 2) Associations between gender and geography as a discipline will be further explored, illustrating how production of geographical knowledge has been gendered. Gender represents differences between womens and mens attitudes, behaviour and opportunities that depend upon socially constructed views of femininity and masculinity. The term gender is preferred to that of sex, which is restricted to the anatomical distinction between the sexes rather than social differences. (McDowell, 1986: 170) Gender is a social relation that positions men and women differently in society. Feminists may argue that there is a hierarchy of power held directly by men who are in a more advantageous position in society, because of their gender. Gender is a part of an individuals identity; it influences what we think about ourselves, people and also our relationship with other people (Blunt, A Wills, J 2000 Pg 92). To be born male or female does not imply masculinity and femininity; rather ideologies about masculinity and femininity are socially constructed. This is further supported by (de Beauvoir, 1949) One is not born but rather becomes a woman. These social constructions are very crucial in shaping the everyday lives of men and women. Socialist feminist geographers (also known as Marxist feminists) look at the way in which the structuring of space creates and continues to maintain traditional gender roles and relationships in society and how spatial variations in gender impact where an industry locates. Employers locate to areas where there is an availability of cheap female labour, and the quantity of this type of labour. However this can vary over regions and nations. Their message also emphasizes that true equality cannot be achieved and will be difficult to attain without a major revolution, in particular an economic one, as power and capital are distributed unevenly in the capitalist society we have today. Women are often stereotyped as domestic workers, consumers and care workers and these ideas are mostly associated with femininity. This type of employment is often seen to be less worthy and deserving of a high pay and less respected than traditional masculine roles. There seems to be a tendency to value and remunerate women less for their work as they enter a profession. It is not fair for women to individually work so that they can rise to powerful positions in society. It is acceptable to say that power needs to be redistributed throughout society. In contrast, ideas about full-time employment and citizenship beyond the home are often shaped by ideas of masculinity; this is reflected by the notion of men to be suitable to certain spheres of work and participation in public life rather than women. (Massey 1996, cited in Blunt Wills 1993). Gender inequality can be witnessed everywhere through the masculine spaces of mines and city workers, down to the feminized spaces of garment factories and primary teaching. However these gender roles and relations are ever changing, and to reiterate they are socially constructed as well as dynamic rather than permanent and static from birth. Inequality also lays heavily in the difference in pay between men and women. As a recent study found that simply being a woman was the most serious impediment to women in the workplace (reportageonline.com), women working full-time earn on average 16.4% less per hour than men working full-time. Other figures show women working part-time earn on average 35.3% less per hour than men working full-time (based on mean hourly pay in 2009; data from EHRC, 2010). The difference in earnings is created through the gender segregation of occupations and women being discriminated against. Furthermore the lower paid work is usually carried out by the females as there is a gender stereotype for women to take responsibility of certain jobs. There is also an under-representation of women in vocational work and in large firms. Nevertheless, Gender has come a long way, and in recent years has dynamically changed as now more women are paid fairly in employment Feminism on a whole has had a positive impact on society it has been a dramatically successful social movement. It has changed womens expectations and perspectives on their lives. In the past, women would have to marry to gain financial security and stability. Women are now working and more independent than ever, by earning their own living, they do not need to rely on a man for stability. Sue Sharpe (1976, 1994) has conducted research into this area and in the first edition of her book Just Like A Girl (1976) she interviewed girls and asked them about their future plans, which were to get married and have children. A career was not seen as important neither a high priority. She later repeated her research in the 1990s and found that the girls priorities had changed; their careers came first and marriage and children were not as important anymore. Women now have far more choice, variety and opportunities compared to the past. Feminism has also transformed what men expect from sharing their lives with women and how they will behave towards women. Children growing up now simply take for granted feminisms messages about sexual equality and justice when only 30 years ago such messages were widely opposed as extremist and threatening to the social order. No other movement has so rapidly revolutionized such deeply held patterns of behaviour (Coward, 1999: 194) Finally, in response to wider social shifts, the aspirations of girls may have also increased. Thus girls now may have their sights set on university and a career and this may translate into increased engagement with school. Recent reforms have opened opportunities to women most notably the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, which made gender discrimination in employment illegal. women still suffer many injustices, discriminations and sometimes even outrages but there is no longer a coherent picture of male advantage and female disadvantage à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Gender remains a crucial division in society but in a much more fractured and inconsistent way (Coward, 1999: 192-3) The key message of feminism in the 21st century society should highlight choice in bringing a personal meaning to feminism is to recognise others right to do the exact same thing. Women all over the world nationally, regionally and globally should be able to embrace this powerful message of feminism and be able to create a positive meaning of their own womanhood and femininity. However, despite feminism being a strong successful movement, inequality and exploitation of women still exist and sadly there are women today, who are trapped in a society which doesnt value them and leaves them neither choice nor freedom to express their views and rights.

Coca-Cola Case Study :: Business Management Marketing

Coca-Cola Case Study 1. SWOT ANALYSIS: Strengths Coca-Cola has been an intricate part of American culture for over a century. The product’s image is laden with sentimentality, and this is an image many people have taken deeply to heart. The Coca-Cola image is displayed on T-shirts, hats, and collectible memorabilia. This extremely recognizable branding is one of Coca-Cola’s greatest strengths. â€Å"Enjoyed more than 685 million times a day around the world Coca-Cola stands as a simple, yet powerful symbol of quality and enjoyment† (Allen, 1995). Additionally, according to Bettman, et. al, (1998) Coca-Cola’s bottling system is one of their greatest strengths. It allows them to conduct business on a global scale while at the same time maintain a local approach. The bottling companies are locally owned and operated by independent business people who are authorized to sell products of the Coca-Cola Company. Because Coke does not have outright ownership of its bottling network, its main source of revenue is the sale of concentrate to its bottlers (Bettman, et. al, 1998). Weaknesses: Although domestic business as well as many international markets are thriving (volumes in Latin America were up 12%), Coca-Cola has recently reported some "declines in unit case volumes in Indonesia and Thailand due to reduced consumer purchasing power." According to an article in Fortune magazine, "In Japan, unit case sales fell 3% in the second quarter [of 1998]...scary because while Japan generates around 5% of worldwide volume, it contributes three times as much to profits. Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Japan account for about 35% of Coke's volume and none of these markets are performing to expectation (Mclean, 1998). Opportunities: Brand recognition is the significant factor affecting Coke’s competitive position. Coca-Cola’s brand name is known well throughout 90% of the world today. The primary concern over the past few years has been to get this name brand to be even better known. Packaging changes have also affected sales and industry positioning, but in general, the public has tended not to be affected by new products (Allen, 1995). Coca-Cola’s bottling system also allows the company to take advantage of infinite growth opportunities around the world. This strategy gives Coke the opportunity to service a large geographic, diverse, area (Bettman, et. al, 1998). Threats: Currently, the threat of new viable competitors in the carbonated soft drink industry is not very substantial. The threat of substitutes, however, is a very real threat. The soft drink industry is very strong, but consumers are not necessarily married to it.